diff --git a/backend/src/index.ts b/backend/src/index.ts
index 7fdbbc9..c15979a 100644
--- a/backend/src/index.ts
+++ b/backend/src/index.ts
@@ -65,9 +65,16 @@ const typeDefs = `#graphql
     username: String!
   }
 
+  enum ArtworkSort {
+    TITLE_ASC
+    TITLE_DESC
+    ARTIST_ASC
+    ARTIST_DESC
+  }
+
   type Query {
     hello: String!
-    artworks(limit: Int!, offset: Int!, search: String, artist: String): ArtworkPage!
+    artworks(limit: Int!, offset: Int!, search: String, artist: String, sort: ArtworkSort): ArtworkPage!
     artists(limit: Int!, offset: Int!, search: String): [String!]!
   }
 
@@ -151,11 +158,13 @@ const resolvers = {
         offset,
         search,
         artist,
+        sort,
       }: {
         limit: number;
         offset: number;
         search?: string | null;
         artist?: string | null;
+        sort?: "TITLE_ASC" | "TITLE_DESC" | "ARTIST_ASC" | "ARTIST_DESC" | null;
       },
     ) => {
       if (limit < 1 || limit > 100 || offset < 0) {
@@ -182,14 +191,60 @@ const resolvers = {
         ...(artist ? { artist_display: artist } : {}),
       };
 
+      let sortOrder: Record<string, 1 | -1>;
+
+      switch (sort) {
+        case "TITLE_ASC":
+          sortOrder = { titleSort: 1, id: 1 };
+          break;
+        case "TITLE_DESC":
+          sortOrder = { titleSort: -1, id: 1 };
+          break;
+        case "ARTIST_ASC":
+          sortOrder = { artist_display: 1, id: 1 };
+          break;
+        case "ARTIST_DESC":
+          sortOrder = { artist_display: -1, id: 1 };
+          break;
+        default:
+          sortOrder = { id: 1 };
+      }
+
       const [artworks, totalCount] = await Promise.all([
         collection
-          .find(filter)
-          .sort({ id: 1 })
-          .skip(offset)
-          .limit(limit)
+          .aggregate(
+            [
+              { $match: filter },
+              {
+                $set: {
+                  titleSort: {
+                    $reduce: {
+                      input: ['"', "“", "”"],
+                      initialValue: "$title",
+                      in: {
+                        $replaceAll: {
+                          input: "$$value",
+                          find: "$$this",
+                          replacement: "",
+                        },
+                      },
+                    },
+                  },
+                },
+              },
+              { $sort: sortOrder },
+              { $skip: offset },
+              { $limit: limit },
+              { $unset: "titleSort" },
+            ],
+            {
+              collation: { locale: "en", strength: 1 },
+            },
+          )
           .toArray(),
-        collection.countDocuments(filter),
+        collection.countDocuments(filter, {
+          collation: { locale: "en", strength: 1 },
+        }),
       ]);
 
       return {
diff --git a/backend/tests/artworks-sorting.test.ts b/backend/tests/artworks-sorting.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..10f3e00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/tests/artworks-sorting.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+type ArtworkSort = "TITLE_ASC" | "TITLE_DESC" | "ARTIST_ASC" | "ARTIST_DESC";
+
+type Artwork = {
+  id: number;
+  title: string;
+  artist_display: string | null;
+};
+
+type ArtworkPage = {
+  totalCount: number;
+  artworks: Artwork[];
+};
+
+async function fetchArtworks(
+  sort?: ArtworkSort,
+  limit = 6,
+  offset = 0,
+  search?: string,
+  artist?: string,
+): Promise<ArtworkPage> {
+  const response = await fetch("http://127.0.0.1:3001/", {
+    method: "POST",
+    headers: {
+      "Content-Type": "application/json",
+    },
+    body: JSON.stringify({
+      query: `
+        query SortedArtworks(
+          $sort: ArtworkSort
+          $limit: Int!
+          $offset: Int!
+          $search: String
+          $artist: String
+        ) {
+          artworks(
+            sort: $sort
+            limit: $limit
+            offset: $offset
+            search: $search
+            artist: $artist
+          ) {
+            totalCount
+            artworks {
+              id
+              title
+              artist_display
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      `,
+      variables: { sort, limit, offset, search, artist },
+    }),
+  });
+
+  expect(response.ok).toBe(true);
+
+  const result = await response.json();
+
+  expect(result.errors).toBeUndefined();
+  expect(result.data?.artworks).toBeDefined();
+
+  return result.data.artworks;
+}
+
+describe("Artwork sorting API", () => {
+  it("sorts by ascending ID when no sorting option is provided", async () => {
+    const result = await fetchArtworks();
+
+    expect(result.artworks.length).toBeGreaterThan(1);
+
+    const ids = result.artworks.map((artwork) => artwork.id);
+    const sortedIds = [...ids].sort((a, b) => a - b);
+
+    expect(ids).toEqual(sortedIds);
+  });
+
+  it.each<ArtworkSort>(["TITLE_ASC", "TITLE_DESC"])(
+    "sorts artwork titles correctly with %s",
+    async (sort) => {
+      const result = await fetchArtworks(
+        sort,
+        10,
+        0,
+        undefined,
+        "John Singer Sargent",
+      );
+      const direction = sort === "TITLE_ASC" ? 1 : -1;
+
+      expect(result.artworks.length).toBeGreaterThan(1);
+
+      const collator = new Intl.Collator("en", {
+        sensitivity: "base",
+      });
+
+      const expected = [...result.artworks].sort((a, b) => {
+        const comparison = collator.compare(a.title, b.title);
+
+        return comparison === 0 ? a.id - b.id : comparison * direction;
+      });
+
+      expect(result.artworks).toEqual(expected);
+    },
+  );
+
+  it.each<ArtworkSort>(["ARTIST_ASC", "ARTIST_DESC"])(
+    "sorts artists correctly with %s",
+    async (sort) => {
+      const result = await fetchArtworks(sort);
+      const direction = sort === "ARTIST_ASC" ? 1 : -1;
+
+      expect(result.artworks.length).toBeGreaterThan(1);
+
+      const collator = new Intl.Collator("en", {
+        sensitivity: "base",
+      });
+
+      const expected = [...result.artworks].sort((a, b) => {
+        const comparison = collator.compare(
+          a.artist_display ?? "",
+          b.artist_display ?? "",
+        );
+
+        return comparison === 0 ? a.id - b.id : comparison * direction;
+      });
+
+      expect(result.artworks).toEqual(expected);
+    },
+  );
+
+  it.each<ArtworkSort>([
+    "TITLE_ASC",
+    "TITLE_DESC",
+    "ARTIST_ASC",
+    "ARTIST_DESC",
+  ])("keeps sorting consistent across pages with %s", async (sort) => {
+    const combined = await fetchArtworks(sort, 6, 0);
+    const firstPage = await fetchArtworks(sort, 3, 0);
+    const secondPage = await fetchArtworks(sort, 3, 3);
+
+    expect(combined.artworks).toHaveLength(6);
+    expect(firstPage.artworks).toHaveLength(3);
+    expect(secondPage.artworks).toHaveLength(3);
+
+    expect(firstPage.totalCount).toBe(combined.totalCount);
+    expect(secondPage.totalCount).toBe(combined.totalCount);
+
+    expect([...firstPage.artworks, ...secondPage.artworks]).toEqual(
+      combined.artworks,
+    );
+
+    const ids = combined.artworks.map((artwork) => artwork.id);
+
+    expect(new Set(ids).size).toBe(6);
+  });
+
+  it.each<ArtworkSort>([
+    "TITLE_ASC",
+    "TITLE_DESC",
+    "ARTIST_ASC",
+    "ARTIST_DESC",
+  ])("combines search and artist filtering with %s", async (sort) => {
+    const result = await fetchArtworks(
+      sort,
+      10,
+      0,
+      "woman",
+      "John Singer Sargent",
+    );
+
+    expect(result.totalCount).toBe(1);
+    expect(result.artworks).toEqual([
+      {
+        id: 12072,
+        title: "Egyptian Woman",
+        artist_display: "John Singer Sargent",
+      },
+    ]);
+  });
+  it("ignores curly double quotes when sorting titles", async () => {
+    const result = await fetchArtworks("TITLE_ASC", 100, 0, "painting");
+
+    const ids = result.artworks.map((artwork) => artwork.id);
+
+    const artistsIndex = ids.indexOf(340799);
+    const bambooIndex = ids.indexOf(744431);
+    const benjaminIndex = ids.indexOf(436109);
+
+    expect(artistsIndex).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0);
+    expect(bambooIndex).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0);
+    expect(benjaminIndex).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0);
+
+    expect(artistsIndex).toBeLessThan(bambooIndex);
+    expect(bambooIndex).toBeLessThan(benjaminIndex);
+
+    expect(result.artworks[bambooIndex].title).toBe(
+      "“Bamboo” section, from the Mustard Seed Garden Manual of Painting",
+    );
+  });
+});